The rules in the .htaccess file apply to everything in that directory. So if you have the following rule in the htaccess file in your your wp-admin directory, then no one would be able to gain access to your dashboard, but the website would be accessible to all:
deny from all
If you have the following rule in the same htaccess file it would only allow dashboard access to that specific IP address:
order deny, allow
deny from all
allow from 192.168.0
And if you have the following it would deny dashboard access to that specific IP address only:
order allow, deny
deny from 98.76.54.32
allow from all
If the same rules were placed in the .htaccess file in the root directory, then the access and deny rules would apply to the front-end website and the Wordpress dashboard.
It would be valuable to check both these htaccess files for rules which may be blocking you out from Dashboard access. If you're not sure then post them here for us to look at.